What Is Hue, Value, and Intensity in Color? Explained with Color Wheel

COLOR

  • Color is a fundamental element of design, art and aesthetics. It has the power to evoke emotions, convey meaning and create visual impact. 
  • Color plays a crucial role in interior design, influencing the mood, atmosphere, and perception of space within a room.
  • Different colors evoke various emotions and can affect how people feel and behave in space. 
  • Colors are created by different wavelengths of light that are reflected, transmitted or absorbed by objects. 
  • From the vibrant hues of sunset to the subtle tones of a gray scale photograph, color plays a significant role in how we perceive and interpret the world around us.

SOURCE OF COLOR 

  • When white light falls on an opaque object, selective absorption occurs, where certain wavelengths are absorbed and others reflected.
  • The absorbed wavelengths determine the perceived color of the object, while the reflected wavelengths contribute to its appearance.
  • For example, a red surface appears red because it absorbs most blue and green light and reflects red light.
  • Black surfaces absorb the entire spectrum, while white surfaces reflect all wavelengths.
  • Interior design utilizes both additive (light) and subtractive (pigment) color systems to create desired visual effects and ambiance.

DIMENSIONS OF COLOR

There are three basic properties or qualities of color which is called as
dimensions of color. These are:
  1. Hue 
  2. Value
  3. Intensity

HUE
  • Hue refers to the name of a color, like red, yellow or blue.
  • It distinguishes one color from another on color spectrum.
  • Changing the hue can be done by mixing colors or adding pigments.
VALUE
  • Value represents the lightness or darkness of a color.
  • Adding white creates light colors (tints), while adding black creates darker colors (shades). 
  • Light values make objects appear larger, while dark values make them appear smaller.
INTENSITY
  • Intensity or Chroma refers to the brightness or dullness of a color. 
  • High intensity colors are vivid and bright, while low intensity colors are muted. 
  • Higher intensity colors are suitable for larger areas, while lower intensity colors are used for smaller, more subtle accents.

COLOR WHEEL


  • The color wheel is a circular diagram that displays the relationship between colors. 
  • It consists of primary, secondary and tertiary colors arranged in a circle.

PRIMARY COLORS:

  • Red, Blue, and Yellow.
  • These colors cannot be created by mixing other colors and are used as the base for creating all other colors.

SECONDARY COLORS: 

  • Orange, Green, and Purple. 
  • Created by mixing equal parts of two primary colors.
  • Orange is made by mixing red and yellow.
  • Green is made by mixing yellow and blue.
  • Purple is made by mixing blue and red.
TERTIARY COLORS: 
  • Six colors located between primary and secondary colors on the color wheel. 
  • Created by mixing a primary color with a neighboring secondary color. 
  • Examples include yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green, and yellow-green etc.



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