ConceptsBloom

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT Scales of Measurement Levels of Measurement (also called Scales of Measurement ) refer to the different ways of categorizing, ranking, or quantifying variables in research and statistics. There are four levels , arranged from the simplest to the most complex:  1. Nominal Level of Measurement  Definition:  Data is categorized into distinct groups or labels without any order or ranking.  Key Features: Used only for naming or labeling.  No mathematical operations can be performed.  Data cannot be ordered or compared. Only checks for equality or difference between categories.  Examples: Gender: Male, Female, Other  Religion: Hindu, Muslim, Christian  Blood Group: A, B, AB, O  Eye Color : Brown, Black, Blue  2. Ordinal Level of Measurement  Definition:   Data is categorized and arranged in a specific order or rank, but the difference between ranks is not equal or known.  Key Features:   ...

  What is Research? Research refers to a systematic and scientific approach to find answers or solutions to questions or problems.  It is a journey from the known to the unknown —an effort to gain new knowledge and understand hidden truths.  It includes careful observation, investigation, and experimentation. Definitions by Experts:  Redman and Mory: “Research is a systematized effort to gain new knowledge.”  Clifford Woody: “Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypotheses, collecting data, analyzing it, and reaching conclusions.”  Example: A study examining how social media affects students concentration levels is a form of research that seeks to find a connection between technology use and academic focus. Objectives of Research: 1. Exploratory Research  Aims to explore new topics or gain better understanding.  Example : Studying how AI might change the education system in future.  2. Descriptive Research...